The first national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters was fully completed.

　　In order to fully grasp the hidden dangers of natural disasters in China and enhance the comprehensive ability of the whole society to resist natural disasters, in May 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Carrying out the First National Comprehensive Risk Survey of Natural Disasters. In the past three years, the members of the first national comprehensive natural disaster risk survey leading group in the State Council and all regions organized nearly 5 million people to carry out the survey, and obtained billions of national disaster risk factor data, and completely completed the tasks of survey, data quality inspection and submission.

　　On February 15th, the State Council Office held a press conference, inviting relevant officials and experts from the National Disaster Reduction Committee, the Emergency Management Department, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau to introduce the specific situation and answer questions from reporters.

　　 　Basically found out the national natural disaster risk hidden danger base.

　　It is understood that the census involved many departments, many people, many levels, long chain, heavy tasks, high technical requirements, difficult coordination, and no ready-made experience and methods to follow, and the results achieved were hard-won.

　　Zheng Guoguang, Secretary-General of the National Disaster Reduction Committee and Director of the Office of the First National Comprehensive Risk Survey of Natural Disasters in the State Council, said that in the past three years, the Office of the Census Leading Group has co-ordinated and coordinated natural resources, ecological environment, housing and urban and rural construction, transportation, water conservancy, emergency, meteorology, forestry, and earthquakes to jointly study the census work plan, and then organized national training, research and development of survey and data quality inspection software, organized surveys, and carried out data quality inspection by industry departments, 100%. All the families participated in the survey. Through the concerted efforts of all parties, the general survey task was fully completed.

　　The general survey is the basis of this disaster risk survey, and its task is to comprehensively obtain the data of disaster-causing factors of 23 disasters in six categories, such as earthquake disasters, geological disasters, meteorological disasters, floods and droughts, marine disasters, forest and grassland fires, data of 27 disaster-bearing bodies in six categories, such as population, housing, infrastructure, public service system, industry, resources and environment, and data of 16 comprehensive disaster reduction capabilities in three categories, such as government, society and grass-roots families.

　　"Through investigation, we have basically found out the hidden dangers of natural disasters in China, identified the resilience of key areas, laid a solid foundation for comprehensive disaster risk assessment and zoning, and also trained local disaster prevention and mitigation management and technical teams, creating a good social atmosphere in which the whole society cares, participates and supports disaster prevention and mitigation." Zheng Guoguang said.

　　According to Zheng Guoguang’s analysis, the general survey shows four characteristics: first, it is comprehensive, that is, the comprehensive of earthquake disasters, geological disasters, meteorological disasters and other disasters, the comprehensive investigation of disaster-causing factors and disaster-bearing bodies, and the comprehensive investigation and risk assessment zoning; Second, synergy, such as departmental collaboration, 19 departments and units at the national level participated in the survey to achieve interconnection and data sharing; Third, it is scientific. Experts from various industries have researched and compiled 48 technical specifications for investigation to ensure the scientificity and operability of the investigation. Fourth, it is applied, insisting on "general survey, application and effectiveness", and applying survey data to risk assessment and zoning in time.

　　 　A series of pioneering progress has been made in the census work.

　　Zheng Guoguang said that this census has made a series of groundbreaking progress. For example, for the first time, the general survey was carried out under a unified technical system to promote the co-construction and sharing of data between departments; For the first time, the "property" of housing construction and municipal facilities in the country was comprehensively found out; For the first time, the "family background" of the national forest fuel load was found out; For the first time, the shortcomings of long-time series of county-level historical disaster data since 1978 were filled in, and the disaster data and rescue and relief situation of 89 major earthquakes, floods, typhoons, forest and grassland fires since 1949 were comprehensively investigated; For the first time, it was carried out and formed to cover "the whole country — Province — City — County — Towns (streets) — Community (administrative village) — Household "national comprehensive disaster reduction capacity survey data set of government, society, grass-roots units and families.

　　"In view of rural areas, we have focused on surveys covering rural disaster-causing factors and important disaster-bearing bodies such as population, houses, bridges and roads, as well as surveys on comprehensive disaster reduction capabilities of towns and communities, as well as sampling surveys on people’s disaster risk awareness and self-help and mutual rescue capabilities. We have basically found out the hidden dangers of rural disasters and the ability of grassroots disaster prevention and mitigation." Chen Sheng, deputy director of the Office of the Leading Group for the First National Comprehensive Risk Survey of Natural Disasters in the State Council and director of the Risk Monitoring and Comprehensive Disaster Reduction Department of the Emergency Management Department, said.

　　"The housing and urban-rural construction system mobilized more than 2.6 million people, and put the data of each house ‘ Run ’ Come out. Through the census, for the first time, we have formed massive data reflecting the spatial location and physical attributes of housing buildings, and urban and rural housing buildings have ‘ Digital ID card ’ It is conducive to promoting the digital application and development in all fields of the whole industry. " Qu Qi, director of the Engineering Quality and Safety Supervision Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said.

　　Wu Chungeng, director of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, said that the census has achieved full coverage in the highway and waterway industries, formed a set of natural disaster risk zoning maps in the transportation industry, and built a natural disaster database in the transportation industry, which comprehensively grasped the attribute data information of highway and waterway facilities and natural disaster risk information.

　　Chen Xuefeng, head of the Forest and Grassland Fire Prevention Department of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, said that the national survey of shrubs, herbs, litter and humus was completed for the first time, which filled the gap in the investigation of combustible load of undergrowth vegetation, and comprehensively investigated the base figures of historical fires, field fire sources and disaster reduction capacity, providing a basis for comprehensively evaluating the prevention and control situation of forest and grass fires and accurately improving the prevention and control capacity.

　　 　Continue to deepen and expand the results of census application

　　The purpose of census is application. According to the principle of "census, application and effectiveness", a number of census application results with regional and industrial characteristics have been explored and formed in China.

　　Zheng Guoguang introduced that the first is to serve the country’s major needs. The Census Office of the State Council organized a special group to conduct a comprehensive risk assessment of natural disasters in the areas where the Beijing Winter Olympics, the Winter Paralympics and the Hangzhou Asian Games are located, and formed a special assessment report and put forward relevant suggestions.

　　Second, the development needs of the service industry. For example, according to the survey data of housing construction and disaster risk attribute information, the housing construction department will take the lead in carrying out the national special rectification of self-built housing safety in 2022; The transportation department fully implemented the disaster prevention project during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period in view of the high-risk points found in the general survey of trunk roads; The water resources department will use the census data to guide the improvement of river basins, flood control and disaster reduction engineering systems, and support the improvement of flood and drought disaster prevention capabilities.

　　The third is to serve urban safety management. Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong and other provinces integrate census data with urban management platforms such as smart cities and urban brains to provide reference for natural disaster monitoring and early warning, emergency rescue and disposal, and effectively improve the level of urban safety management.

　　The fourth is to improve the ability to serve the grassroots. All localities actively explore the integration of census results into the comprehensive community management system, which is used to investigate hidden houses and buildings, deploy emergency shelters, and build a people’s defense line for disaster prevention and mitigation at the grassroots level.

　　Next, how to deepen the application of census results?

　　"We will explore the application of census results around major national strategies, major engineering construction, important development plans, key areas and the actual needs of various localities and departments, form a national-level demonstration case of the application of census results, and give full play to the supporting role of census results in improving the ability of natural disaster prevention and control, especially in key areas such as disaster monitoring and early warning, national space disaster prevention and mitigation planning." Chen Sheng said.